Identifying Biases in VLMs' Zero-Shot Classifications of Race and Gender An audit framework comparing how vision-language models label race and gender in face images against annotations from a demographically balanced sample of U.S. adults. Mechanisms of Social Bias in Large Language Models: Disentangling Linguistic Framing from Group Specification An investigation of whether social bias in large language models is driven by the linguistic framing of a prompt or by the explicit specification of a social group.